Adversity to Advantage:
New Vacant Land Uses in Flint
Nathan Geisler, Shana Greenstein, Chuang-Chung Hu, Cisco
Minthorn, Melissa Munsell
Urban and Regional Planning Program, University of Michigan
August 2009
Executive Summary
In the last 40 years, industry, jobs, and people have left Flint, creating a city with thousands of vacant residential lots with a low likelihood of redevelopment.
This project examines how potential new uses might be implemented to use Flint’s increasingly abundant vacant land, focusing on uses only in current residential areas of the city.
The plan addresses potential uses for vacant land in a “focus area,” west of the Buick City industrial stretch in central Flint, which has the highest residential land vacancy rate in the city.
Two smaller pockets of high vacancy east of the Flint River and Buick City
are also included in this focus area.
The uses covered in this plan are: urban agriculture (farming, biofuel crops, tree
nurseries), waste management (deconstruction and composting), natural features enhancements (greenways and trails, expanding green waterfront amenities, and storm water management), and small parks and community gardens.
Stewardship patterns and future vacancy
This plan relied on fieldwork to account for 1) existing stewardship, or the signs that residents are maintaining or beautifying vacant lots, and 2) estimates of future vacancy, by counting the number of dilapidated homes per block that
will soon be demolished to create a new vacant lot.
These counts revealed that:
The best encouragement for stewardship is the existence of other stewarded lots.
Future vacancy will reach over 40% per block in many parts of the focus area.
Matching potential uses to Flint’s vacant residential land supply
An examination of the location criteria for potential uses revealed that the uses fall into two broad categories:
Uses that need large sites (contiguous lots totaling at least one-half acre) and are suitable for highly vacant areas (over 50 percent of lots vacant per block).
Uses that need small sites (contiguous lots adding up to less than one-half acre) and are suitable for moderately vacant areas (less than 50 percent of lots vacant per block).
This plan examined available vacant land by combining contiguous vacant lots into “sites” and applying use-specific criteria to identify and map optimal locations for each type of use. In addition to the location criteria, implementation
criteria were also identified. The implementation criteria and the number of sites identified for each use are as follows:
Urban farms
Number of potential sites: 94
Implementation criteria: Financial viability; strong neighborhood relationships.
Biofuel crops
Number of potential sites: 281
Implementation Criteria: Expertise in biofuel crops; demand for product; existence of processing facilities.
Tree nurseries
Number of potential sites: 56
Implementation Criteria: Specialized knowledge about growing trees and shrubs.
Deconstruction
Number of potential sites: 38
Implementation Criteria: Availability of vacant structures to deconstruct; market for salvaged materials.
Composting
Number of potential sites: 35
Implementation Criteria: Supply of organic materials; demand for compost.
Natural features
Number of potential sites: 100
Implementation Criteria: Interest in expanding existing trails.
Community gardens and pocket parks
Number of potential sites: 48
Implementation Criteria: Resident interest.
Key points
The plan details the broad criteria for implementation of each use, identifies opportunities, discusses potential challenges,
and proposes solutions for Flint that have proved successful in other cities. Specific points include:
Significant urban agriculture already exists in Flint.
Urban agriculture generally needs social programming or non-profit support to help launch and sustain activities.
Urban farms benefit most from clustering sites.
Potential biofuel crop sites face financial feasibility challenges, as this is a mostly untested urban land use with only
early-stage pilot projects to consider for comparison.
Deconstruction and composting are not currently supported by the city government
Deconstruction facilities will rely most on private interest and involvement, while the city government can undertake
composting by adapting Flint’s current yard waste collection programs.
Opportunities to enhance natural features are plentiful along the Flint River, Flint Park Lake and Thread Lake, due
to high rates of vacancy in these areas. Additionally, vacant land along proposed greenway routes can expand
recreational assets in sections of Flint.
Pocket parks and community gardens are not appropriate in areas of high vacancy where resident upkeep is likely
to be a challenge. Despite the focus area’s high vacancy rates, some blocks are nearly intact and residents can
support parks or gardens to help stabilize physical conditions and home values in neighborhoods.
Recommendations for assembling sites
The Land Bank can promote new vacant land uses through the following approaches:
Determine target areas: The Land Bank might capitalize on existing neighborhood strengths by focusing new uses
and revitalization efforts in targeted areas.
Narrow the use focus: Promote uses efficiently and in a manner that reduces the challenge of holding thousands of vacant properties by narrowing the number of uses the Land Bank encourages (example: put resources towards
launching an urban farm cluster on sites in north-central Flint, rather than implementing multiple uses).
Strategically acquire lots: Obtain lots proactively, through in-kind trades, property swaps, relocation assistance, or the promotion of stricter code enforcement policies in the city. Further, critically examine requests for side lot
transfers – several potential sites were too small because of past transfers of side lots.
Rank potential properties for acquisition: Assemble the necessary amount of land to promote uses through a
ranking system that shows strategic parcels. This plan maps Land Bank holdings with three contiguous lots and shows the location of recent foreclosure properties and city-owned land that are contiguous with these Land Bank
properties. Acquiring foreclosure properties and city-owned land adjacent to existing Land Bank holdings increases the viability of new uses, by reaching a half-acre size necessary for many of the uses discussed in this
plan.
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http://www.mlive.com/fljournal/pdfs/Adversity_to_Advantage.pdf
Monday, January 4, 2010
The U of M Report to the Land Bank
Saturday, January 2, 2010
WE NEED A PUBLIC LAND USE POLICY DEBATE IN FLINT
GOOD MORNING FLINT!
Posted here by Terry Bankert
12/3/09
WHAT WE NEED IS PUBLIC DEBATE ABOUT THE FUTURE OF FLINT MICHIGAN.
The Flint Journal recently ran on MLIVE and article by Andrew Heller on Flint Shrinking City policy initiative. The article can be seen at http://blog.mlive.com/flintjournal/aheller/2009/12/flint_should_lead_by_shrinking.html
I wrote the following on the comment section of the article which follows.
I agree we should be managing decline gracefully, even creatively.
The market already is doing it. What is needed is public policy to clean up the edges of neighborhoods already in a state of abandonment and plan for the future.
How that policy is created is my difference with some.
I do not think that groups or people I did not elect or that are not accountable to an electorate should make the decision.
Specifically I mean the shrinking City policy should not be set by the following : Downtown business people, Mott Foundation, Land Bank leaders who ever they are, Phil Shaltz, smart aleck Flint Journal writers, college kids doing term papers, political gadflies, bloggers, posters, trolls, and even retired ombudsman.
We need an active debate, publicly involving decision makers.
If your grandmothers home is the only one left on the block and she does not want to leave should we make her?
Happy New year.
I then responded to Andrew Hellers, Yoopers first response.
YOOPER-So, Terry, what's the alternative?
TRB- Protect the rights of the home owner before exercising the oppressive act of state action through “Eminent Domain.
YOOPER-Continue providing full city services to that one home, or raise that person's bill to pay for a full block's services?
TRB-Why not upgrade the block , create a park, encourage new housing. Lets reward the Flint Citizen who has chosen to stick it out, not punish them. The real cost saving are minimal by taking that last house off the block against their will. When you ride in the country there are long stretches between housing so why not in Flint? I believe economic interests are attempting to assemble large blocks of land for the benefit of larger developers. There is no crisis that demands immediate action. The Flint Citizens through our elected leadership , public hearings and a public decision making process should be allowed to be fully engaged in this debate.
YOOPER-I agree it needs studying, but why invalidate so many opinions from the people you mention.
TRB-There are a variety of opinions on this issue. The opinions that matter are those of our elected leadership after full public debate. What’s going on now is a selling of the idea before public deliberation. I am demonstrating that there are opinions in opposition or at least the position that this should be done with get care.
YOOPER-Sometimes smart aleck columnists know a thing or two.
TRB- As rare as a blue moon, but then we did just have one.
YOOPER-Or is intelligence only the province of attorneys?
TRB-No it’s a large province with many actors. You should stop by.
I lastly responded to Andre Hellers second response.
ANDY-Terry, wonderful snide tone. Much appreciated.
TRB- I must have just finished one of your old articles. But what is wrong with my conclusion, “We need an active debate, publicly involving decision makers. “
ANDY-But listen, are you serious when you say the only opinions that matter are elected officials? Wow. That's stunning. I won't say it's dumb, especially in a democracy, but I will say I disagree strongly.
TRB- I did not say that. What I said was
“I do not think that groups or people I did not elect or that are not accountable to an electorate should make the decision. “ Meaning we need this issues debated before the City formally with citizens differing opinions voiced. The media ,you, are just cheerleading one side of the question.
I said “Specifically I mean the shrinking City policy should not be set by the following : Downtown business people, Mott Foundation, Land Bank leaders who ever they are, Phil Shaltz, ..[the usual suspects]…smart aleck Flint Journal writers, [you] college kids doing term papers, [ Good Job].. political gadflies, ..[they will surface]… bloggers, posters, trolls, [ mostly un named]..and even retired ombudsman. ..[that would be me]”
This debate means nothing until its in front of a duly elected public body. All opinions matter, but it is a public decision. There are differing opinions. What is wrong with wanting our elected leadership to weigh, ponder and debate these issues? I said “What is needed is public policy to clean up the edges of neighborhoods already in a state of abandonment and plan for the future. “
ANDY-And you say (without a question mark, I might add, snidely), "Why not upgrade the block , create a park, encourage new housing." Again, you're kidding, right? The reason for shrinking is lack of money, and you're saying add a park? Flint has an enormous park system that it already can't take care of.
TRB-GRAMMAR POLICE? What money is saved by shrinking? Just what does shrinking look like? Just what do we do with the existing utilities? What maintenance will be required? None possibly? What will be the impact on the rest of the system if one part is left un-maintained? If we have shrunk within the city does that mean no policing? What do we do with the squatters villages? No fire protection? What if the abandoned uncut grass and trees catches’ fire? Will the storm drains be sealed? Blaa, blaa, blaa. My point is there are many variables. These should be debated publicly before a public body with free debate. The pre-selling of this idea should seed debate, as here, not stifle it.
ANDY-I suppose there are ways to encourage new housing, but again, have you looked around? The area is filled with housing at 50 percent off.
TRB-The market will return slowly. Possibly it may be better to keep the blocks in a reduced state of maintenance, than to abandon by force this private property. Possibly by batching small groups of properties already vacant this will cause developments, market driven activities, to occur. Drive up MLK and look at the new construction. Its already happening. With under valued property the market will react.
ANDY-So why would someone build in a vacant area of Flint.
TRB- Because they own the Block? Because they own the house next door? Because they own the church next door. Because they can buy multiple parcels. I said
“We need an active debate, publicly involving decision makers.
If your grandmothers home is the only one left on the block and she does not want to leave should we make her?”
ANDY-One idea off the top of my light-headed head that might work is a version of homesteading. Let people who have a job have empty houses. Put them to some use.
TRB- Light-headed is your diagnosis. I am heartened to see you to realize there are opinions other than forced abandonment. Yours is an excellent idea. My point is that we must explore all alternatives before we put grandmother out of her home. We have not done that. All that’s going on now is that the “usual suspects “are pre selling the phrase “Shrinking City” with out knowing the implications.
ANDY-Ignorantly yours, Andy
TRB-Your choice of words. This might help, look up transparency in government, accountability , democracy, protection of individual property rights, and any treatise on the role of the media in a democracy. You probably have one somewhere!
Then another voice joined.
Posted by starvingartist January 02, 2010, 11:50PM
Terry, you are in dreamland if you think the people will slowly return. What are they going to do when they get here?
What do you want to do, talk this thing to death and then do nothing, just watch it all fall apart? We have a chance to be proactive, we have a chance to set the precedent for the country. Let's be proud of Flint! [end]
With this I concluded.
The people will slowly return.
Couples are still having babies.
A new business base will develop ,part of it is here.
What can Flint be to attract the new order?
So far all that is going on is a study that has generated media speculation that something called shrinking our city is a good thing.
The credit takers for this acclaim are lining up.
But what does shrinking a city mean? I agree we must do something.
That something is to create public policy through our elected officals.
These officals will protect our individual property rights while reorganizing Flint for the future. I am for us leading the country in how to downsize a city.
To date there is no plan only an idea. I support the idea.
The worst thing we could do is to adopt some half baked plan.
We have the resources to actually do this one right.
The right people in the Mayors office, the right people on the city council, a downtown and regional chamber of commerce with a track record of development success and an electorate willing to back up a well thought out initative.
Remembering AutoWorld a good idea executed horribly hurts us all.
The real work of this initative will soon begin by the people who can actually cause change.
This is just a discussion to see if your eyes are open.
===
Everyone has the right to their opinion.
Where are the elected City Council and Administrations opinions on this issue.
The policy of shrinking Flint should be developed publicy, not presented as a done deal.
I hope I have encouraged debate.
But I do intend to read the UofM full report.
Posted here
Terry bankert
http://www.flintfamilylaw.com/
Tuesday, December 29, 2009
CHILD CARE WORKERS NEED A UNION
GOOD MORNING FLINT!
By Terry Bankert.
A Flint Divorce Attorney sharing his opinion.
12/29/09
DAY CARE WORKERS HAVE A UNION AND MUST KEEP IT.
We in Flint and the unions our families thrived because of or we currently belong to ,are being treated unfairly in the press.
Our own people are silent when the traditional forces of anti unionism raise their ugly heads. WHY?
Recently these forces have spoken through the mouth of John Stossel and the text of the Wall Street Journal. Two birds of a feather. Give me a break.
What is not in their stories is the plight of the worker in these under paid child care sweat shops.
Poor management, too many kids, harsh working environment, mean spirited parents, and the oppression of an unchecked state bureaucracy.
We have an insensitive state apparatus reacting to the minority of situations when children are put in harms way.
In response them bring easy but the wrong solutions. Oppress the workers!
Poorly thought out rules are inflicted on the majority of the good workers trying to earn a living to support their own children. These people need a union. They have one .
NOTES:
Flint Journal investigation: Horror stories dot some Genesee County child care facilities, state records show.[7] This is a system screaming for regulations. Bu worker rights must be protected too.
JOHN STOSSEL AND THE WALL STREET JOURNAL ARE COMPLETE BONE HEADS!
Recently much has been in the news of Michigan efforts to protect the state supported workers and children in day care facilities. Just when will their anti union retinoic end?
THERE ARE TWO PRESSURES AT WORK UNDER THE REALITY THAT PUBLIC ASSISTANCE IS MANDATE FOR THE CARE OF SOME CHILDREN.
1. WE NEED A HIGHER LEVEL OF ACCOUNTABILITY OF THE WORKERS IN THIS SYSTEM.
2.THOSE WORKERS DESERVE A UNION TO PROTECT THEM FROM THE OPPORESSIVE POWER OF UNCHECK STATE REGULATION.
Who are we protecting?"They are the people entrusted with watching your children -- but a slice of child care providers in Genesee County have been cited for violations that can stir a parent's worst nightmare, a Flint Journal investigation found. [7]
One provider hired someone who was listed in the Department of Human Services' central registry for child abuse or neglect without reporting it to the state, according to DHS investigation reports.[7]
Another caretaker allowed a person with a criminal background who didn't have state clearance to be alone with children.[7]
Improper supervision led to one child being locked outside and another to walk right out of the building without anyone noticing, state records show. Other times, children suffered injuries or were found engaging in inappropriate activities when apparently no one was watching[7]
THE NARRASISTICE KNOWN IT ALL JOHNNY ATTACK S FLINT WORKERS
The United Auto Workers has demonstrated how a bloated unionized workforce can help undermine an industry's survival. As auto jobs have disappeared, the union got creative in using government to keep the dues rolling in. That's apparent in Flint, Michigan, the birthplace of General Motors. (Remember them?)[4]
WHEN A STATE FUNDED SERVICE IS JOINED AS A VENDOR SPECIAL CONDITIONS NOW AS AN AGENT OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN SHOULD BE EXPECTED
Michelle Berry runs a private day-care service from her home on the outskirts of this city, the birthplace of General Motors.[1]
BEFORE THE UNIONIZATION OF THE WORKERS CHILDREN WERE BEING HARMED.
Berry is among several providers and parents who contacted The Flint Journal after a two part Flint Journal series of violations related to background checks, supervision and health and safety at the more than 500 childcare providers in the county[6]
A Journal investigation of Department of Human Services public records found several severe offenses -- including one provider who hired a person listed in the DHS registry for child abuse or neglect and another who allowed someone with a criminal background to be alone with children[6]
"The Berry Patch," as she calls the service, features overstuffed purple gorillas, giant cartoon murals, and a playroom covered in Astroturf. [1]
Flint childcare provider Michelle Berry, who went into the business after contending her own son was emotionally abused at an area daycare. [6]
BERRY STARTED FOR THE BEST OF REASONS THEN SOLD OUT TO ANTI UNION FORCES
"There are many daycares in Genesee County that do not do what they're supposed to do and I know that," she said. "It leaves a sour taste in parents' mouths.
"But it reflects poorly on those who do. The ones who are doing everything they're supposed to do get forgotten."[6]
Her clients are mostly low-income parents who need child care to keep their jobs in a city that now has a 26% unemployment rate.[1]
That's when Berry, a mother of three, opted to watch children at her own home. Most of the families who Berry serves use state assistance for childcare -- which pays her $2.61 an hour.[6] Per child?
Berry was also mentioned in a Flint Journal Story earlier this year about the number of violations found in area daycare centers. In that story she said she went into the business after contending her own son was emotionally abused at an area daycare[5]
BERRY HAS REPLACED TRADITIONAL PUBLIC EMPLOYEES IN THE PROVISION OF STATE FUNDED CHILD CARE SERVICES
Ms. Berry owns her own business—yet the Michigan Department of Human Services claims she is a government employee and union member. The agency thus withholds union dues from the child-care subsidies it sends to her on behalf of her low-income clients. Those dues are funneled to a public-employee union that claims to represent her. The situation is crazy—and it's happening elsewhere in the country. [1]
STATE FUNDED CHILD CARE IS HIGHLY REGULATED REQUIRING THE VENDORS TO BE ABLE TO READ WRITE AND THINK.HERE 34,000 SAY THEY CANNOT
"Child care providers in general will have more rules and regulations to live up to than at any other time in history.[6]
A year ago in December, Ms. Berry and more than 40,000 other home-based day care providers statewide were suddenly informed they were members of Child Care Providers Together Michigan—a union created in 2006 by the United Auto Workers and the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees. The union had won a certification election conducted by mail under the auspices of the Michigan Employment Relations Commission. In that election only 6,000 day-care providers voted. The pro-labor vote turned out. [1]
IF YOU OPPOSE UNIONIZATION THEN CALL IT DIRTY WORK
Many of the state's other 34,000 day-care providers never even realized what was going on. Ms. Berry tells us she was "shocked" to find out she was suddenly in a union. The real dirty work, however, had been done when the state created an "employer" for the union to "organize" against. [1]
SOME WANT THEIR CAKE AND EAT IS TOO
Of course, Michigan's independent day-care providers don't work for anybody except the parents who were their customers. Nevertheless, because some of these parents qualified for public subsidies, the Child Care Providers "union" claimed the providers were "public employees." [1]
MOTT COMMUNITY COLLEGE TO THE RESCUE
Michigan's Department of Human Services then teamed with Flint-based Mott Community College to sign an "interlocal agreement" in 2006 establishing a separate government agency called the Michigan Home Based Child Care Council. [1]
STATE FUNDED HOME DAY CARE IS A GOOD THING. BUT IT IS STILL A STATE GOVERNMENT SERVCE.
Government officials at all levels, from the federal government to mosquito districts, are searching for new ways to make limited resources go a little further. One potential strategy already used in many jurisdictions is the use of interlocal agreements, allowing governments to cooperate with one another in the performance of tasks, thus achieving Economies of scale and reducing duplication of effort. The basic assumption is that larger size service jurisdictions make lower per unit costs possible. Economies are achieved either by pooling the resources of two or more jurisdictions to jointly provide services, or by contracting with a single large regional service provider. [3]
WE NEED RULES
This council was directed to recommend good child-care practices—and not coincidentally, to serve as a "public employer." [1]
IT WAS A SHELL GAME.
Although the council had almost no staff, no control over the state subsidies and no supervision of the providers' daily activities, it became the shell corporation against which the union could organize.[1]
JOHNNY BOY DID NOT RESEARCH ,STOLE THE WSJ ARTICLE THEN RAN HIS ANTI UNION MOUTH
The UAW's onerous work rules and "jobs banks" -- where workers were paid to sit around and watch TV -- helped crush the US auto industry. Now the union is moving to crush day-care providers and children.[4]
ERSATZ
Thus the state created an ersatz employer and an ersatz "bargaining unit" against which what was essentially an ersatz union could organize. [1]
Ersatz is A German word literally meaning substitute or replacement. Although it is used as an adjective in English…. While the English term often implies that the substitution is of unsatisfactory or inferior quality,…[2]
ONE CORPORATE VIEW IS “SIPHON”, AN OTHER IS PROTECTING THE WORKER.
Today the Department of Human Services siphons about $3.7 million in annual dues to the union—from the child-care subsidies. The money should be going to home-based day-care providers—themselves not on the high end of the income scale. Ms. Berry now sees money once paid to her go to a union that does little for her. She says she is "self employed and wants nothing to do with the union." [1]
UNIONIZATION WAS DULY CREATD BY LAW AND CAN BE UNCREATED BY LAW?SO WHAT IS THE REAL PROBLEM?
The union claims it is working for Ms. Berry and others like her by pressing the legislature to increase child-care payments. But lobbying is not an activity that requires compulsory unionism. [1]
REPUBLICAN ANTI DEMOCRATIC , ANTI FREE THOUGHT NON THINKING TANK IS DEEPLY EMESHED IN THIS OPENLY ANT LABOR INITATIVE
Sherry Loar, who owns a day-care center in Petoskey, Mich., is the lead client in a lawsuit brought against the Department of Human Services in state court by the legal arm of the Michigan-based Mackinac Center, a free-market think tank for whom we work. (Ms. Berry is petitioning to join the suit.) [1]
DO NOT TAKE STATE MONEY IF YOU DO NOT WANT STATE CONTROL
The case is based on the grounds that state law presumes that no one is subject to public-sector bargaining unless state legislation has made them so, and in this case, there is no legislation—only the flimsy interlocal agreement. "I'm not opposed to unions," Ms. Loar says, "everything has a place. But when we enter my door, this is my home."[1]
LABOR PEACE
The larger question, not part of this lawsuit, is whether this sort of unionization violates the U.S. Constitution. The freedom of association clause prevents compulsory unionism except, courts have determined, when it is necessary for "labor peace." But in this case, whom would the day-care providers riot against? The parents? [1]
UNIONIZATION OF HOME CARE WORKERS IS A GREAT NATIONAL MOVEMENT
The federal question may be raised soon, as other states have pursued similar unionization schemes over the past decade, primarily at the behest of the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees and the Service Employees International Union, better known as the SEIU. [1]
THESE WORKERS ARE ISOLATED UNDERPAID AND HARSHLY MANIPULATED
Fourteen states have now enabled home-based day-care providers to be organized into public-employee unions, affecting about 233,000 people. And nine have done so with home health-care providers. The idea to unionize in this way was hatched in California, though ironically Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger has vetoed legislation to unionize child-care providers. [1]
TAKE THE STATE MONEY, MY MONEY, VENDORS HAVE TO PAY ,JOIN THE UNION, TO PLAY. WE WILL ALL BENEFIT IN THE END.
It's telling that in several states that have gone down this road, state and federal subsidies are the source of the union dues. In Michigan, the scheme is essentially throwing a cash lifeline to unions like the UAW, which are hemorrhaging members. [1]
MICHIGAN IS ENCOURAGING PRIVATE BUSINESS INVESTMENT
here's another, ironic twist to the story in the Great Lakes state. Last month the Michigan Economic Development Corporation granted a for-profit SEIU subsidiary, the SEIU Member Action Service Center, a $2 million refundable tax credit to locate a new business facility in the state that will provide administrative services for the union and other local labor organizations. [1]
ANTI MIDDLE CLASS WORKER MEDIA ATTACKES A GOOD UNION
The subsidy strikes us as inappropriate because it categorized the SEIU subsidiary as a business and occurred just before the 5,000 member SEIU local 517M granted the state wage concessions. Shamelessly, the SEIU requested the credit because Michigan has high labor costs.[1]
WE HAVE AN EVOLVING SOCIETY IN NEW WAYS WORKERS UNREPRESENTED WILL BE EXPLOITED
Some states are redefining straightforward terms—a union as a business, an employer as an employee—primarily to aid organized labor. This highlights the need to re-examine public-sector collective bargaining. Shielded from market pressures, public employee unions have driven up taxpayer costs for decades. Now labor leaders are shanghaiing entrepreneurs such as Ms. Berry and Ms. Loar into government unions because their clients receive government aid.[3]
UNIONIZE THE DOCTORS, GREAT IDEA
Who will be next? Grocers? Landlords? Doctors?[1]
Posted here by
Terry Bankert
http://www.flintfamilylaw.com/
See:
[1]
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB20001424052748703478704574612341241120838.html
[2]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ersatz
[3]
http://www.mrsc.org/Publications/mrnews/articles/interlocal6-00.aspx
[4]
http://stossel.blogs.foxbusiness.com/2009/12/27/uaw-what-we-did-for-cars-well-do-for-your-kids/
[5]
http://www.mlive.com/news/flint/index.ssf/2009/12/flint_daycare_providers_intere.html
[6]
http://www.mlive.com/news/flint/index.ssf/2009/06/providers_and_parents_respond.html
[7]
http://www.mlive.com/news/flint/index.ssf/2009/06/flint_journal_investigation_ho.html